G1minor
The geomagnetic storm of 28 December 1978
On 28 December 1978 the Kp index reached 5−: a G1 (minor) storm, with 3 hours at Kp 5 or more. At its peak the lights could be seen from 245,598 places in the atlas, down to about 52° magnetic latitude.
Kp 5−Peak Kp · 28 December 1978 18:00 UT
3Hours at Kp 5 or more
39Largest ap
Solar cycle 21Year 3 of solar cycle 21
Kp every three hours
56789
27 Dec28 Dec29 Dec
Where the lights could be seen
At Kp 5− the lights reach 245,598 places of the atlas on the horizon and 66,942 overhead, down to about 52° magnetic latitude.
Countries
Russia106,926 placesSweden27,845 placesFinland24,291 placesUnited States16,789 placesCanada16,015 placesNorway13,111 placesLithuania10,842 placesLatvia7,542 placesEstonia6,893 placesUnited Kingdom5,556 placesAt the edge: just within reach
MoscowRussiaTorontoCanadaNovosibirskRussiaChelyabinskRussiaOmskRussiaMississaugaCanadaCopenhagenDenmarkBramptonCanadaThe largest towns that could see them
MoscowRussia · 13.3MSaint PetersburgRussia · 5.65MTorontoCanada · 2.79MMontrealCanada · 1.9MNovosibirskRussia · 1.64MYekaterinburgRussia · 1.47MKazanRussia · 1.33MCalgaryCanada · 1.31MNizhny NovgorodRussia · 1.2MChelyabinskRussia · 1.18MOmskRussia · 1.1MKrasnoyarskRussia · 1.09MPermRussia · 1.03MOttawaCanada · 1.02MEdmontonCanada · 1.01MStockholmSweden · 985kTyumenRussia · 872kWinnipegCanada · 750kSeattleUnited States · 737kMississaugaCanada · 718kOsloNorway · 718kHelsinkiFinland · 694kGothenburgSweden · 675kCopenhagenDenmark · 667k
Before and after
G2Previous storm25 December 1978 · Kp 6−
G1Next storm29 – 30 December 1978 · Kp 5
1978Geomagnetic storms of 1978Every storm
Geomagnetic storms since 1932Geomagnetic storm archive
Strong storms at the same time of year
G327 – 28 December 1951Kp 7 · 18 h
G329 – 30 December 1989Kp 7− · 15 h
G327 December 1952Kp 7− · 3 h